In winter apple pruning of young saplings and early fruit trees, according to the requirements of high-yield tree structure, the base main branch angles are: base angle 60 degrees, waist angle 65 degrees, tip angle 40 to 45 degrees. The ideal angle not only results in age-appropriate results, early high yields, but also enables a firm skeleton of the tree, prolongs the result of years, and prevents premature aging. Mastering "supporting, pulling, and falling" and skillfully applying "top, change, and squat" to adjust the angle of the main branch are the basis for the formation of high-yield tree structures in young apples.
Support: is to use a wooden stick between the center stem and the main branch, so that the main branch angle to increase to meet the requirements. When sticking, the wooden sticks are cut into two parts.
Pull: Pull the main branch with small angle with wire or rope. Lay one end of the wire or string on a wooden stake in the ground. From the point of view of production practice, the effect of opening the angle with this method is better.
Falling: Mainly for the upper branch (or branch) of the tree. Due to the high branches, it is inconvenient to adopt methods such as support, pull, top, change, and rake. Stones or bricks can be used to tie branches to branches to increase the angle.
Top: For the main branch with an excessive angle, you can use the stick to raise the top branch. That is, one end of the stick touches the bottom, and one end of the stick touches the main branch, reducing the angle of the main branch to enhance the tree potential.
Change: that is, change the head. This method is mostly used for trees with rough branches and difficult angles. When changing heads, if the back branches are thick, change heads once. If the growth of the back branches is weak and fine, protection should be left for two to three years.
蹬: That is, outside the bud. Cut out buds to leave the buds, and the second bud to leave the buds. In this way, after the shoots are drawn, because the shoots of the first bud are in the upper position, they can be forced to grow outwards next to the buds. The angle is increased (for the species with strong tree branching and strong branching, double bud shoots can also be used). In the next winter, the buds will be removed and the buds will be used as extension branches.
Should pay attention to the problem:
1. The opening angle is due to the fact that the tree is suitable for branching and flexible use of various methods. However, no matter what method is used, cracks must be prevented. It is best to swing the branches open and to the left and right before opening to soften the branches before opening.
2. When adopting the method of “supporting, pulling, and fallingâ€, any place where the stick, wire (rope) comes into contact with the branches must be covered with rags or other cushions to protect the bark.
3. While opening the angle, other pruning measures must keep up.
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