The epidemic disease is a disease that all farmers are afraid of after hearing. Because most diseases are contagious, once the disease occurs, it will cause serious economic losses. If the prevention and treatment is not timely, all the farms will be infected. Is there no way to prevent and cure? What?
In the process of continuous development of the cattle industry, the occurrence of epidemics will have a serious impact on the aquaculture industry. The following are the prevention measures for the common diseases and characteristics in the beef cattle breeding process. You can have a look.
1 foot and mouth disease
Foot-and-mouth disease is an acute, heat, and contact infectious disease caused by foot-and-mouth disease virus, which is classified as a Class A infectious disease by the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE). The disease virus is a genus of the genus picornavirus. According to the serological reaction, the virus is divided into more than 60 kinds of serum subtypes such as A, O, C, etc. The virus is sensitive to acid and alkali, and the common disinfectant can kill [1] ]. After 2 to 4 days of incubation, the diseased cows are depressed, closed, and drooling. The body temperature rises to 40 °C to 41 °C. Then, the blister of the broad bean, the lip, and the gingiva appear in the tongue, the lips, and the gums. At the mouth, feeding and ruminant stop, after the blister bursts to form an ulcer, blisters may also occur on soft skin such as the toes, hoofs, nipples, etc. The benign passing cows gradually heal after a week or so, but the malignant lesions The cow will deteriorate and eventually die from heart palsy.
When sick animals are suspected of foot-and-mouth disease according to clinical symptoms, they should immediately report to the veterinary authority, disinfect the site and utensils, and carry out strict blockade, isolation and disinfection work. Immediately after diagnosis, they should be culled and harmlessly treated, and contaminated fodder should be incinerated. Shenmai, sprayed with 1%~2% formalin or 2% caustic soda, inoculated with the same vaccine as the local popular foot-and-mouth disease virus for emergency vaccination [2].
2 bovine viral diarrhea
Bovine viral diarrhea is a disease caused by Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus (BVDV) infection. It causes irregular ulcers and plaques in the mouth, throat and nose after infection. The characteristic lesion is the erosion of the esophageal mucosa. According to clinical symptoms can be divided into acute type, common in young cubs, lasting 2~3d biphasic heat, watery diarrhea with stench, mucus, oral mucosal erosion or ulceration, congenital defects; chronic type is rare, duration 2~ After 6 months, the sick cow sustained diarrhea, weight loss, urgency and weight, feces with blood, and inflammation of the hoof leaves led to lameness.
At present, there is no effective treatment and immunization method for this disease. It is necessary to strengthen nursing and symptomatic therapy, enhance the body's resistance, and promote the recovery of sick cattle. In order to effectively control the epidemic, it is necessary to adopt quarantine, isolation, purification, prevention, etc. in the production process. Related measures. At present, a kind of bovine viral diarrhea virus attenuated freeze-dried vaccine has been produced in China, and antibodies can be produced within 14 days after inoculation to maintain immunity for 22 months.
3 rickets
Burdock disease is a dermatitis caused by the parasitic mites. The scalp-like irregular lesions appear in the head and neck of the diseased cow. Itching occurs, and the affected part is sharpened. The phenomenon of hair removal, falling and skin thickening is formed. The hair and the inflammatory liquid that exudes are bonded together to form scale, and when it is severe, the lesion spreads throughout the body. There are three common burdock diseases. The parasitic parts are different depending on the lifestyle of the mites. The most common ones are sucking aphids, followed by the mites, and the least common are perforated mites.
After the diseased cow is sick, the affected part and the surrounding coat are cut off, and the drug is repeatedly applied until it is cured. The commonly used drugs are dichlorvos and special drugs. The earth is used for deworming the new piece. In severe cases, the medicated bath can be selected. Secondly, it is necessary to strengthen the breeding management mode of the herd, keep the ventilation and dryness, and maintain the health of the cattle. Once the sick cattle are found to take immediate isolation measures, the diseased cattle will be vaccinated in the warm season to prevent the insects from being killed. Prevent recurrence after winter. Everything removed from the diseased cow body may have insect oocysts, and must be intensively burned to prevent spread.
4 traumatic network gastric pericarditis
Traumatic reticulitis is also called traumatic dyspepsia. It means that metal foreign bodies are mixed in the feed and forage grass and fall into the net stomach. After stabbing the stomach wall, it causes acute or chronic anterior stomach delay, rumen periodic gassing, digestion. Poor, because the net stomach is stabbed by foreign bodies can cause acute or chronic localized peritonitis and other diseases, after traumatic pericarditis and myocarditis after penetrating the diaphragm [4]. The sick cows show walking and standing abnormally. They stand in front of the high and then low. When they stand up, they are extra careful. It is difficult to discharge feces and urine. The breeder should strengthen the inspection when feeding the feed and forage, and observe whether the feed is mixed. There are metal foreign bodies.
The use of sulfa antibiotics to control the development of inflammation, the diseased cattle are placed in front of the high and low platform, allowing metal ectopic to return from the rumen, if the situation is serious, surgery should be considered.
In order to prevent the occurrence of epidemics and obtain higher economic benefits during the breeding process, it is necessary to do a good job in the prevention and control of epidemic diseases, clean up the pens on time, regularly disinfect the production tools and troughs, regularly clean the cattle, and regularly deworm and vaccinate. Vaccines, do a good job of tracking and checking, ensure effective control of disease sources, improve farming efficiency, and increase income.
In the process of cattle breeding, Xiao Bian believes that the best measure for the disease is to prevent it in advance, and to reduce the incidence of disease to ensure the benefits of cattle breeding. The above is about the introduction of common beef cattle disease types and prevention measures. I hope to help the farmers.
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