In recent years, affected by many factors such as abnormal winter and spring weather, changes in farming methods, and large-scale cross-regional harvesting, the types of autumn seed cropping and soil-borne diseases in autumn have increased and become more serious. Underground pests and farmland weeds Repeated re-emergence in local areas poses a greater threat to the production of autumn crops. As soon as this year's autumn sowing is imminent, we must attach great importance to seed treatment and farmland weed control in production, strive to increase control coverage and prevention and control, and ensure the harvest of high-yield summer crops.
Comprehensive analysis of trends in occurrence of diseases, pests and weeds This year's fall crops, soil-borne diseases, and underground pests and farmland weeds related factors, the overall occurrence of the occurrence of many types, local heavy weight.
The first is the variety of species transmission and soil-borne diseases, and the occurrence of local diseases. According to the survey, in recent years there have been nearly 10 species of species and soil-borne diseases in our province. Among them, wheat sheath blight is common in the whole province, with severe weather conditions; wheat smut, scattered smut, total erosion, cyst nematode, root rot, leaf rust, yellow mosaic disease And barley striae, net blotch, head smut, etc., have gradually expanded, and their degree of occurrence has been increasing. Especially diseases such as head smut, root rot, and streak disease have become the greatest threat to wheat production in some areas. Disease types.
The second is the increase of underground pests in some areas. Underground pests have become a regular pest on autumn crops in dry areas and coastal areas in Huaibei. Last year, 2.4 million mu of underground pests were planted in the autumn crops in the province. There was a continuation of dead seedlings, lack of seedlings, and broken ridges in the pre-winter wheat crops in the re-released plots. The infestations of grasshoppers, earthworms, and other pests were high in the field. The hazards during the broadcast provide a large number of insect sources.
The third is that the occurrence of weeds is widespread and serious. This summer, the occurrence of heavy grass injury in the wheat field, the large amount of weeds, and the delay in the harvesting period of rice in many areas have led to postponement of the autumn sowing, increasing the area of ​​rice and wheat, which is beneficial to the occurrence of weeds in wheat fields. More important than last year.
Efficient safety control measures
1. Wheat seedlings are used to prevent and cure wheat sheath blight and head smut. Liquefied 60 g/litre tebuconazole seed coating agent can be used for 10 ml, 300 ml of water can be added for seed dressing or 20-25 kg of wheat seed can be coated. Prevention and control of wheat full-blown disease, use of 12.5% ​​sedatichlor suspension in 20 ~ 30 ml of water 0.5 ~ 0.75 kg, mixed with about 10 kg of wheat seed, stuffing after heap nausea 6 ~ 12 hours, after sowing. The control of wheat root rot was coated with 24% azole alcohol Fumei double-suspended seed coater at a drug to seed ratio of 1:50. For the recurrence area of ​​wheat cyst nematode, avermectin microcapsules can be used for seed dressing.
Control barley stripe, net spot, with 10% difenoconazole water dispersible granules 1 gram mixed 1 kg wheat species. For the control of barley head smut, licorice 60 g/litre tebuconazole seed coating agent can be used for dressing seed dressing at a seed weight of 0.03% to 0.05% or triadimefon at a seed weight of 0.015% to 0.02%.
To prevent and control underground pests, 40% phoxim EC can be used to seed 0.2% to 0.3% of the seed weight, 3 to 5 hours after mixing; or 48% of chlorpyrifos EC 10 ml, 1 kg of water, mixed with wheat 10 Kg; can also be used high 600 grams / liter imidacloprid suspension seed coating agent 200 ml, add 1.5 ~ 2 kg of water to prepare the liquid, coated 100 kg of wheat species, the soil pests and seedling stage worms have better control effect. In the area of ​​re-emergence of underground pests, the combination of pesticide seed dressing, poisonous soil method and poison bait method should be adhered to, so as to increase control efficiency.
Ground pests and mixed propagation areas, soil-borne disease mixed areas, can use the above insecticide and fungicides mixed seed dressing or coating, such as the use of 40% phoxim EC 50 ml Jia Likexi 60 g / tebuconazole suspension Seed coating agent 10 ml, add water 300 ml mixed wheat seed 20-25 kg.
2. In the wheat field weeds were divided by the wheat fields dominated by A. aequalis and A. mellifera in Japan, and 50 g/L of oxazoline clodinafop-propargyl ester EC was used. Before winter, 60-80 mL of water was added to 40 kg per mu. After the weeds are sprayed together, spray 80 to 100 ml of water and 40 kg of water per mu in the early spring; or use 15% of methadone wettable powder, 20 to 30 grams per mu before winter and 30 to 40 for spring. g, add water, 40 kg, after the weeds out of the spray; can also be used Hummer 69 grams / liter of konjac oxaloquine Ling water emulsion, with 80 to 100 ml per acre, in the winter before the weeds to add water spray.
The hard wheat grass and wheat grass-based wheat fields were selected and treated with isoproturon and hypertonic isoproturon. 75 grams of pure medicine was used per acre. After sowing, they were sprayed with 40-50 kilograms of water at the 3 leaf stage. 50g/litre oxazoline emulsifiable concentrate 50 to 80 ml per acre for emulsifiers, 69 g/l for valsarsol and 90 mg/acre for alum per acre, 15% clomazone herbicide wettable Powder with 30-40 ml per mu has better control effect on hardgrass and grass.
In wheat fields dominated by broad-leaved weeds such as swine fever and leek, it can be controlled with chlorpromazine 200 g/L or it can be used as a 20% 2 aqua chlorine solution before winter or early spring. Combine it with 200g/L chlorofluoropyrazole EC or 25% anti-sweet water agent; or use Pentium 36% flufenoxan wettable powder, before weed out every acre 5 to 7.5 grams, 7.5 to 10 grams per mu in early spring, add 30 to 40 kilograms of water spray, should not be mixed with the EC preparation, large nest dishes, and severe crop fields, need to be mixed with 2 A and 4 chlorine. use.
Wheat fields mixed with grassy weeds and broad-leaved weeds can be divided into two stages according to the above methods. Grass weeds are controlled before and after autumn sowing, and broad-leaf weeds are controlled in the early winter or early spring, or the above agents are mixed and used. One-time control of two types of weeds.
3. Rape weeds in rapeseed fields divided by grasses and weeds, with 48 to 150 ml of 48% trifluralin per acre, sprayed with water 3 to 5 days before planting; or 50 per mu. % Acetochlor EC 70～100 ml, add water spray on live rapeseed 3-4 leaf stage, transplanting rapeseed before transplanting or transplanting; 40 ml, spray water at the weed 3 to 5 leaf stage.
Rapeseed field with broadleaf weeds should use 50-60 milliliters of herbicides per acre, and should be sprayed with 6-8 leaves of live rapeseeds and then sprayed with rape.
Weed rape field mixed with grass weeds and broad-leaved weeds, with 50% Napropamide WP 100 to 120 grams per acre, or Dole 72% Metolachlor EC 100 to 150 ml before sowing Or spray water before transplanting; or use 17.5% of fine quinolone per acre to remove 80 to 100 milliliters of spiritual emulsifiable concentrate and add water to spray at the weed 2 to 3 leaf stage.
Comprehensive analysis of trends in occurrence of diseases, pests and weeds This year's fall crops, soil-borne diseases, and underground pests and farmland weeds related factors, the overall occurrence of the occurrence of many types, local heavy weight.
The first is the variety of species transmission and soil-borne diseases, and the occurrence of local diseases. According to the survey, in recent years there have been nearly 10 species of species and soil-borne diseases in our province. Among them, wheat sheath blight is common in the whole province, with severe weather conditions; wheat smut, scattered smut, total erosion, cyst nematode, root rot, leaf rust, yellow mosaic disease And barley striae, net blotch, head smut, etc., have gradually expanded, and their degree of occurrence has been increasing. Especially diseases such as head smut, root rot, and streak disease have become the greatest threat to wheat production in some areas. Disease types.
The second is the increase of underground pests in some areas. Underground pests have become a regular pest on autumn crops in dry areas and coastal areas in Huaibei. Last year, 2.4 million mu of underground pests were planted in the autumn crops in the province. There was a continuation of dead seedlings, lack of seedlings, and broken ridges in the pre-winter wheat crops in the re-released plots. The infestations of grasshoppers, earthworms, and other pests were high in the field. The hazards during the broadcast provide a large number of insect sources.
The third is that the occurrence of weeds is widespread and serious. This summer, the occurrence of heavy grass injury in the wheat field, the large amount of weeds, and the delay in the harvesting period of rice in many areas have led to postponement of the autumn sowing, increasing the area of ​​rice and wheat, which is beneficial to the occurrence of weeds in wheat fields. More important than last year.
Efficient safety control measures
1. Wheat seedlings are used to prevent and cure wheat sheath blight and head smut. Liquefied 60 g/litre tebuconazole seed coating agent can be used for 10 ml, 300 ml of water can be added for seed dressing or 20-25 kg of wheat seed can be coated. Prevention and control of wheat full-blown disease, use of 12.5% ​​sedatichlor suspension in 20 ~ 30 ml of water 0.5 ~ 0.75 kg, mixed with about 10 kg of wheat seed, stuffing after heap nausea 6 ~ 12 hours, after sowing. The control of wheat root rot was coated with 24% azole alcohol Fumei double-suspended seed coater at a drug to seed ratio of 1:50. For the recurrence area of ​​wheat cyst nematode, avermectin microcapsules can be used for seed dressing.
Control barley stripe, net spot, with 10% difenoconazole water dispersible granules 1 gram mixed 1 kg wheat species. For the control of barley head smut, licorice 60 g/litre tebuconazole seed coating agent can be used for dressing seed dressing at a seed weight of 0.03% to 0.05% or triadimefon at a seed weight of 0.015% to 0.02%.
To prevent and control underground pests, 40% phoxim EC can be used to seed 0.2% to 0.3% of the seed weight, 3 to 5 hours after mixing; or 48% of chlorpyrifos EC 10 ml, 1 kg of water, mixed with wheat 10 Kg; can also be used high 600 grams / liter imidacloprid suspension seed coating agent 200 ml, add 1.5 ~ 2 kg of water to prepare the liquid, coated 100 kg of wheat species, the soil pests and seedling stage worms have better control effect. In the area of ​​re-emergence of underground pests, the combination of pesticide seed dressing, poisonous soil method and poison bait method should be adhered to, so as to increase control efficiency.
Ground pests and mixed propagation areas, soil-borne disease mixed areas, can use the above insecticide and fungicides mixed seed dressing or coating, such as the use of 40% phoxim EC 50 ml Jia Likexi 60 g / tebuconazole suspension Seed coating agent 10 ml, add water 300 ml mixed wheat seed 20-25 kg.
2. In the wheat field weeds were divided by the wheat fields dominated by A. aequalis and A. mellifera in Japan, and 50 g/L of oxazoline clodinafop-propargyl ester EC was used. Before winter, 60-80 mL of water was added to 40 kg per mu. After the weeds are sprayed together, spray 80 to 100 ml of water and 40 kg of water per mu in the early spring; or use 15% of methadone wettable powder, 20 to 30 grams per mu before winter and 30 to 40 for spring. g, add water, 40 kg, after the weeds out of the spray; can also be used Hummer 69 grams / liter of konjac oxaloquine Ling water emulsion, with 80 to 100 ml per acre, in the winter before the weeds to add water spray.
The hard wheat grass and wheat grass-based wheat fields were selected and treated with isoproturon and hypertonic isoproturon. 75 grams of pure medicine was used per acre. After sowing, they were sprayed with 40-50 kilograms of water at the 3 leaf stage. 50g/litre oxazoline emulsifiable concentrate 50 to 80 ml per acre for emulsifiers, 69 g/l for valsarsol and 90 mg/acre for alum per acre, 15% clomazone herbicide wettable Powder with 30-40 ml per mu has better control effect on hardgrass and grass.
In wheat fields dominated by broad-leaved weeds such as swine fever and leek, it can be controlled with chlorpromazine 200 g/L or it can be used as a 20% 2 aqua chlorine solution before winter or early spring. Combine it with 200g/L chlorofluoropyrazole EC or 25% anti-sweet water agent; or use Pentium 36% flufenoxan wettable powder, before weed out every acre 5 to 7.5 grams, 7.5 to 10 grams per mu in early spring, add 30 to 40 kilograms of water spray, should not be mixed with the EC preparation, large nest dishes, and severe crop fields, need to be mixed with 2 A and 4 chlorine. use.
Wheat fields mixed with grassy weeds and broad-leaved weeds can be divided into two stages according to the above methods. Grass weeds are controlled before and after autumn sowing, and broad-leaf weeds are controlled in the early winter or early spring, or the above agents are mixed and used. One-time control of two types of weeds.
3. Rape weeds in rapeseed fields divided by grasses and weeds, with 48 to 150 ml of 48% trifluralin per acre, sprayed with water 3 to 5 days before planting; or 50 per mu. % Acetochlor EC 70～100 ml, add water spray on live rapeseed 3-4 leaf stage, transplanting rapeseed before transplanting or transplanting; 40 ml, spray water at the weed 3 to 5 leaf stage.
Rapeseed field with broadleaf weeds should use 50-60 milliliters of herbicides per acre, and should be sprayed with 6-8 leaves of live rapeseeds and then sprayed with rape.
Weed rape field mixed with grass weeds and broad-leaved weeds, with 50% Napropamide WP 100 to 120 grams per acre, or Dole 72% Metolachlor EC 100 to 150 ml before sowing Or spray water before transplanting; or use 17.5% of fine quinolone per acre to remove 80 to 100 milliliters of spiritual emulsifiable concentrate and add water to spray at the weed 2 to 3 leaf stage.