Compared with traditional flood irrigation, the integration of water and fertilizer in the sowing of corn in recent years requires the increase of 71.5 yuan in the cost of plastic film covering Mu, and 35 yuan in the increase of the mechanical cost of Mu.
The province can guarantee the emergence rate of corn by adopting single seeding (8000 grains of traditional planting corn seed and 6000 grains of water-fertilized corn seed), and saves the seed cost by 20 yuan.
Festival drip irrigation corn planting more irrigation water saving 150 to 200 square, can save the well fee of about 50 yuan.
The utilization rate of drip irrigation under the weight-reducing film is obviously improved, and the cost for acre-saving fertilizer is 25 to 30 yuan.
In the province, corn is drip-irrigated on the one hand, and on the other hand, the mulching can effectively suppress weeds, and at the same time, it plays a role of increasing temperature and moisture conservation. On the other hand, drip irrigation can reduce field humidity and reduce pests and diseases. Under normal circumstances, it is only necessary to spray it once during sowing. Herbicide can, acres of pesticide cost savings of 5 to 10 yuan.
The drip irrigation under the plastic membrane can reduce irrigation, weeding, fertilizing and other labor. The artificial fee for drip irrigation under the film is mainly used for seedlings and seedlings. No weeding is needed, and there is little labor for watering. Two female workers are put on seedlings and seedlings, and the cost is 160 yuan. / Mu, watering a male worker to complete 40 acres in one day, watering 4 times, the cost of 12 yuan / mu; and fertility Dingmiao, weeding with 4 female workers, the cost is 320 yuan / mu; watering a male Workers can complete 4 acres in one day, watering four times, and the cost is 120 yuan/mu. The drip irrigation under the membrane can reduce the labor cost by 3 yuan/mu compared with flood irrigation and save 268 yuan/mu in labor costs.
Increased production of drip irrigation under the film more irrigation per acre yield of corn 100 ~ 150 kg (14% moisture content), the above total savings of 481.5 ~ 601.5 yuan per mu.
Increase efficiency to remove equipment depreciation expenses 100 yuan / year (equipment depreciation calculated in 10 years, drip irrigation pipe depreciation calculated in 2 years) water and fertilizer integration more irrigation per year net gains of 381.5 ~ 501.5 yuan.
Everything You Need To Know About LED Lighting
LEDs are a simple invention with huge potential to change the lighting industry for the better. Don`t know much about them? Here are three big things you need to know to get your feet under you:
1.What Does LED Stand For?
2.LED stands for light-emitting diode.
A diode is an electrical device or component with two electrodes (an anode and a cathode) through which electricity flows - characteristically in only one direction (in through the anode and out through the cathode). Diodes are generally made from semi-conductive materials such as silicon or selenium - substances that conduct electricity in some circumstances and not in others (e.g. at certain voltages, current levels, or light intensities).
2.A light-emitting diode is a semiconductor device that emits visible light when an electrical current passes through it. It is essentially the opposite of a photo-voltaic cell (a device that converts visible light into electrical current).
Did You Know? There is a similar device to an LED called an IRED (Infrared Emitting Diode). Instead of visible light, IRED devices emit IR energy when electrical current is run through them.
1.How Do LED Lights Work?
2.It`s really simple actually, and very cheap to produce, which is why there was so much excitement when LED lights were first invented!
The p-type and n-type materials are created by introducing the original material to atoms of another element. These new atoms replace some of the previously existing atoms and in so doing, alter the physical and chemical structure. The p-type materials are created using elements (such as boron) that have less valence electrons than the intrinsic material (oftentimes silicon). The n-type materials are created using elements (such as phosphorus) that have more valence electrons that the intrinsic material (oftentimes silicon). The net effect is the creation of a p-n junction with interesting and useful properties for electronic applications. What those properties are exactly depends mostly on the external voltage applied to the circuit (if any) and the direction of current (i.e. which side, the p-type or the n-type, is connected to the positive terminal and which is connected to the negative terminal).
Application of the Technical Details to LED Lighting:
When a light-emitting diode (LED) has a voltage source connected with the positive side on the anode and the negative side on the cathode, current will flow (and light will be emitted, a condition known as forward bias). If the positive and negative ends of the voltage source were inversely connected (positive to the cathode and negative to the anode), current would not flow (a condition known as reverse bias). Forward bias allows current to flow through the LED and in so doing, emits light. Reverse bias prevents current from flowing through the LED (at least up until a certain point where it is unable to keep the current at bay - known as the peak inverse voltage - a point that if reached, will irreversibly damage the device).
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