All crops grow from roots, and die from roots. A strong and developed root system is the basis for crop growth and high yield. But in the process of crop growth, sometimes the color of the root system of the crop changes. There are sayings: white roots are strong, yellow roots are life-saving, black roots are diseased, and gray roots are deadly. Many people still don't understand the meaning of this sentence. The editor will take you to find out.
1. White roots have strong white roots are generally new roots or the tip part of old roots. These roots have strong oxygen secretion ability and can make the surrounding soil become oxidized, forming an oxidation circle, oxidizing the soluble ferrous iron around it to three Valence iron precipitates, so that it does not accumulate on the surface of the roots, keeping the roots white. Baigen has strong physiological functions, vitality and absorption capacity, so Baigen is strong.
2. Yellow root life-saving Yellow roots generally appear on the surface of old roots and roots. As these roots age, the cell wall of the outer cortex thickens, and ferric iron is deposited on the roots, forming a yellow-brown iron film. This layer of iron film has a protective effect and can prevent toxic substances from infiltrating into the roots, but the absorption capacity of this root system is greatly reduced, so the yellow roots are life-saving.
3. After long-term flooding of black roots, due to insufficient oxygen in the soil, there is more divalent iron. At the same time, organic matter undergoes anaerobic decomposition to produce a series of toxic substances such as hydrogen sulfide. When hydrogen sulfide and divalent iron are combined, ferrous sulfide (black) is formed and deposited on the root surface, turning the root into black. This root physiological function further declines, so the black root is sick.
Fourth, the ash root is terrible. If the soil lacks iron, hydrogen sulfide cannot be eliminated, which can inhibit the respiration and absorption function of the root system, and cause the root to poison and die. The symptom of hydrogen sulfide poisoning is that the root system is uprooted to observe that the root system is gray and water-stained, with the smell of rotten eggs, so the gray roots are deadly.
Nowadays when soil problems are frequent, only by doing a good job in root maintenance and root strengthening of crops can we achieve high yield and high efficiency. To sum up, there are six major measures to ensure that crops are "deeply rooted and leafy, robust and high-yielding."
1. Regulate the soil pH value of the cultivated layer. Unreasonable fertilization for many years has led to the change of the pH value of the cultivated layer, which is the root cause of soil problems. Soil acidification or salinization can be adjusted by applying medium and trace element bacterial fertilizers, and metasilicic acid can effectively adjust the pH of the soil.
2. Increased application of organic matter Organic matter is the best choice for fertile soil. Its function is to loosen the soil, breathe, form a granular structure, retain water and fertilizer, improve microbial activity, and promote root development.
3. Increase the application of biological bacterial fertilizer to activate the soil to solve the problem of soil compaction, provide full nutrients for crops, and can prevent root diseases, prevent diseases, and inhibit bacteria, which can reduce harmful bacteria or pests in the soil, reduce pests and diseases, and increase production. Significantly.
4. Reasonable irrigation and drainage is recommended to adopt small water and frequent irrigation or micro-irrigation or drip irrigation, which protects the soil aggregate structure and facilitates root growth. At the same time, the drainage system of open-field crops is as important as the irrigation system in the rainy season to prevent flooding and prevent dead roots.
5. Flush fertilization preferentially choose functional and healthy fertilizers that are friendly to the soil environment. Functional water-soluble fertilizers containing humic acid or amino acids can supplement organic matter, increase ground temperature, improve soil permeability, increase fertilizer utilization, and root and protect roots. All have a positive meaning.
6. Cultivating soil loosening farmers say that “there is water and fire under the hoeâ€, which means that hoeing (cultivating soil loosening) improves the drought tolerance of crops (with water) while effectively increasing the ground temperature (with fire). Especially in the seedling stage of crops, the root system has not yet been fully developed. Field loosening is one of the necessary measures to increase ground temperature, enhance soil permeability, and promote root development.
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