How to use foliar fertilizer? What are the effects of foliar fertilizer on other fertilizers? Foliar fertilizer is a fertilizer for the purpose of foliar absorption, which directly applies the nutrients needed for crops to the foliage, called foliar fertilizer. Foliar fertilizer is a type of fertilizer that is applied to the surface of crop leaves by nutrients and exerts its function through the absorption of leaves. The leaves of plants have upper and lower epidermis, which are composed of epidermal cells. The outer side of the cells has cuticle and wax on the outer side. It can protect the mesophyll cells under the epidermis tissue from functions such as photosynthesis and respiration, and is not affected by changes in external adverse conditions. There are many tiny pores on the surface of the leaves to exercise the function of gas replacement.
Studies have shown that the stratum corneum consists of a long carbon chain fatty acid polymer with hydroxyl and carboxyl groups. The molecular interstices of the polymer and the hydrophilic groups of the hydroxyl and carboxyl groups on the molecule allow the aqueous solution to penetrate into the leaves. The stomata on the surface of the blade are a more convenient passage for the foliar fertilizer to enter the blade. Urea in chemical fertilizers has a softening effect on the stratum corneum of epidermal cells, which can accelerate the infiltration of other nutrients, so urea becomes an important component of foliar fertilizer.
Foliar fertilizer is literally the same as the nutrients needed to replenish plants through foliar application, regulating plant growth, supplementing missing elements, preventing premature aging and increasing yield. However, some people think that as a nutrient conditioner, "beneficial and harmless, more and better" is more casual in the use of foliar fertilizer. Unconsciously, it has a certain impact on plants. To this end, there must be certain skills in foliar fertilization.
(1) Choosing the right variety. In the early stage of crop growth, in order to promote its growth and development, regulated foliar fertilizer should be selected. If the crop is lack of nutrients or the root absorption capacity declines in the late growth stage, nutritive foliar fertilizer should be used.
(2) The spraying concentration should be appropriate. Within a certain concentration range, the speed and quantity of nutrients entering the leaves increase with the increase of the concentration of the solution, but the concentration is too high and it is easy to cause fertilizer damage, especially trace element fertilizer.
(3) The spraying time should be appropriate. When fertilizing leaves, the longer the wetting time, the more nutrients are absorbed by the leaves, and the better the effect. Under normal circumstances, it is advisable to keep the leaf wet time in 30-60 minutes. Therefore, foliar fertilization is best carried out in the windless weather in the evening; spraying fertilizer in the morning with dew will reduce the concentration of the solution and affect the effect of fertilization. Foliar topdressing can't be carried out on rainy days or before rain, because nutrients are easily leached and can't reach the desired effect. If it rains 3 hours after spraying, it should be sprayed once every day, but the concentration should be reduced appropriately.
(4) Spraying should be uniform, meticulous and thoughtful. Align the active area. Foliar fertilization requires fine droplets and uniform spraying. In particular, it is necessary to pay attention to spraying the upper leaves and the back of the leaves to spread the fertilizer on the young leaves of the plants, on the back of the functional leaves, because the metabolism of young leaves and functional leaves is strong. The pores on the back of the leaf are several times larger than the above, which can absorb nutrients in the solution faster and improve nutrient utilization. It is not appropriate to spray only the leaf surface without spraying the leaf back, only spraying the old leaves and ignoring the young leaves, which will only greatly reduce the fertilizer effect.
(5) The period when foliar fertilizer is needed: 1. When encountering pests and diseases, the use of foliar fertilizer is beneficial to improve the disease resistance of the plant; 2. The soil is acidic, alkaline or salinity is too high, which is not conducive to the absorption of nutrients by plants. 3, fruiting period; 4, after the plant encounters gas damage, heat damage or frost damage, choose the right time to use foliar fertilizer to help relieve symptoms.
(6) It is best not to use foliar fertilizer: 1. Flowering period. The flowers are delicate and susceptible to fertilizer; 2, seedling stage; 3, high temperature and strong light period in one day.
In recent years, with the development of fertilization technology, foliar fertilization has been rapidly promoted and applied as a fertilizer for strengthening crops and preventing some diseases. Practice has proved that foliar fertilization is one of the fertilization techniques with rapid fertilizer efficiency, high fertilizer utilization rate and low dosage.
1 Fast absorption:
After fertilization in the soil, various nutrients are first adsorbed by the soil. Some fertilizers must undergo a transformation process in the soil, and then be absorbed by the roots of the crop by ion exchange or diffusion, and then reach the leaves through the vascular bundles of the roots and stems. Nutrient transport distance is long and the speed is slow.
With foliar fertilization, various nutrients can be quickly absorbed by crop leaves, directly into the plant from the leaves, and participate in the metabolism of the crop. Therefore, its speed and effect are faster than the effect of soil fertilization. According to research, the speed of leaf fertilizer is about 1 times faster than that of root.
2 strong effect:
Foliar fertilization Because the nutrients directly enter the crop body from the leaf products, the absorption rate is fast, the nutrient elements in the crop body can be greatly increased in a short time, the crop deficiency condition is quickly alleviated, and the maximum benefit of the fertilizer is exerted. Foliar fertilization can effectively promote the progress of various physiological processes in crops, significantly increase the intensity of photosynthesis, increase the activity of enzymes, promote the synthesis, transformation and transportation of organic matter, facilitate the accumulation of dry matter, improve yield and improve quality. .
3 consumption province:
Foliar fertilization is generally less used, especially for trace element fertilizers such as boron, manganese, molybdenum, iron, etc. Root fertilization usually requires a large amount to meet the needs of crops. Foliar fertilization is applied to the leaves of the crops, usually with a fraction of a decade or a fraction of a tenth of the soil fertilization.
4 high efficiency:
Foliar spraying fertilizer has the advantages of quick fertilizer efficiency, high utilization rate, remarkable effect, simple and easy operation, and is more and more popular among farmers.
In terms of increasing yield, the amino acid foliar fertilizer can be stably increased by 30% to 40% in fruit trees, and the nutrients can be fully absorbed and converted in 5 to 7 days, especially in fruit trees. Spraying before flowering can increase the fruit setting rate and reduce the occurrence of falling flowers and fruits.
Promote the fruit enlargement fruit tree is the peak of fertilizer requirement after flowering. At this time, the shortage of nutrients determines the yield of individual fruit trees. At this time, the demand for nutrients is not only the demand for a large amount of elemental NPK, but also iron and manganese. Zinc, copper, calcium, boron, molybdenum, etc., at this time, spraying these trace elements can improve the fruit quality such as bright color, sweet taste and premature ripening.
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