Lily cultivation, in addition to having good quality bulbs, also requires strict control over the growth environment requirements of different varieties during the whole process of lily growth in order to produce lily products with better plant type and higher quality. If the conditions are not well controlled, it will not only affect the plant type of the lily, but also affect the growth of the plants in severe cases, and even the normal flowering. The following is a brief introduction to the environmental control during the cultivation of lilies, based on the requirements for lily planting.
Greenhouse selection
A good growing environment can ensure the normal growth of the lily. Lily cultivation in the Netherlands generally has suitable greenhouses and various facilities that can maintain the greenhouse in suitable climatic conditions (light, temperature, ventilation, air circulation). In domestic lily cultivation, due to different climate conditions and cultivation levels, greenhouses also have diversity, such as greenhouses or connecting sheds, and many places can be planted directly in the open air when the climate is appropriate. All regions should be flexibly selected according to climatic conditions and economic conditions. However, if it is necessary to cool down or shade in the summer and cool or add light in the winter, caution should be taken. At least basic heating or cooling facilities and suitable irrigation facilities must be provided. .
temperature
In order to obtain high quality products, it is very important to cultivate a good root system. In the first 1/3 of the growth cycle or at least before the stem root grows, the suitable temperature is 12°C to 13°C, which is conducive to the growth of lily stem roots. If the temperature is too low, the growth cycle will be prolonged, and if the temperature is higher than 15°C, the rooting will be poor and the product quality will be degraded. Since then, the temperature has gradually increased, and the suitable temperature for the growth of different species of lily is also different. See the attached table for details.
High temperature and drought will cause the lily stems to become short and the amount of calyx decrease; high temperature and high humidity will cause the lily stems to be soft and not hard, and the leaves will become thin; low temperature will delay the growth of plants and increase the growth period; sharp changes in temperature and humidity will produce Zombie pods increase the ratio of fissures and charred leaves, so the whole process of lilies requires maintaining proper temperature and humidity, and the changes are moderated. Ventilation can reduce the temperature and humidity in high temperature and high humidity conditions, making plants grow robustly and reduce pests and diseases.
In winter or cold areas, heating systems are usually used to control the temperature of greenhouses or greenhouses. There are many methods for warming, which can be heating of fuel (coal) heat exchangers, heating of hot water pipes, heating of steam pipes, etc. The power of the heating system needs to be about 220 watts per cubic meter per hour. All localities should be selected according to specific conditions. .
The use of hot water pipe heating, the heat distribution is more uniform, safe operation, but the heating of the pipeline is often slower. It is more convenient to use a hot stove for heating oil, but it must ensure that the heat distribution of the system can be even. In addition there must be a suitable outlet so that the combustion gases can be discharged freely. If the burning gas accumulates in the greenhouse, both ethylene and nitric oxide gases can cause lily buds or poor growth. It is also possible to install heating systems such as pipes or hoses (up to a maximum temperature of 40°C) under the bed.
Ventilation and relative humidity
The appropriate relative humidity for lily growth is 80% to 85%. Relative humidity should avoid too much fluctuation, changes should be carried out slowly, otherwise it will cause stress and make the sensitive cultivar foliar. Both temperature and relative humidity can be regulated using ventilation, ventilation, shading, watering, heating, etc., and both tend to change at the same time.
In mild, low light, windless, humid climates, relative humidity is usually high and ventilation must be enhanced to reduce relative humidity. Winter ventilation is best done in the morning when the outdoor relative humidity is high.
Must pay full attention to the importance of summer ventilation. Tests have shown that in dry areas where lily is planted in summer, the quality of stems and pods is better than in poorly ventilated and shaded sheds. However, it should be noted that it is advisable to temporarily cover the membrane during raining so as not to damage the stalks, leaves and buds of the lily. If the temperature is too high in the summer, a wet curtain ventilation system can be provided to improve the environment within the greenhouse. This investment is relatively large. A special wet paper curtain with a thickness of 10 to 15 cm is installed on the wall on the north side of the greenhouse. A high-power exhaust fan is installed on the corresponding greenhouse wall. The whole greenhouse must be closed during use, and the wet curtain pump is turned on. The wet curtain is full of moisture, and then the exhaust fan is turned on to discharge the air in the greenhouse and inhale the air from the outside. When the hot air from the outside passes through the wet curtain, the temperature of the air entering the greenhouse is lower due to the evaporation of moisture, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the temperature in the greenhouse. It should be noted that the length of the greenhouse with cool curtain ventilation and cooling should be strictly controlled at about 40m; in areas with low air humidity, the use of wet curtain ventilation and cooling effect is better than that in areas with high air humidity. It is also possible to use a micro-fog system to cool down, but due to the high humidity, the cooling effect is often unsatisfactory. Therefore, in regions with high humidity and high temperatures, the more feasible method of cooling and dehumidifying can only be enhanced ventilation and appropriate shade, which can reduce the surface temperature and humidity of the leaves and make the plants grow robustly. To ensure smooth ventilation around the greenhouse, the skirt height should be increased as much as possible to enhance ventilation.
illumination
Asian lilies are very sensitive to the lack of light, but there is a big difference between the varieties. Musk Lily is less sensitive than Asiatic Lilies, and Oriental Lily is the least sensitive.
Light directly affects the growth, development and flowering of lily. When the light is insufficient, the plants will grow poorly due to the lack of enough organic matter, the thin stalks will be thin, the stems and leaves will be bent to the light, and the flower buds will be thin and weak. In severe cases, it will also cause the falling buds to fall out and shorten the vase life. When the light is too strong, it also inhibits the photosynthesis of the plant. Illumination also increases the temperature of the medium and accelerates plant growth and stem elongation.
Light regulation can be performed by means of summer shade and winter light. Lily planting in East China does not normally require lightening. In northern regions, when light is cultivated in winter, the use of a 400W solar lamp with a special reflective surface per 10m2 can be used to add light. And it's best to choose a species that is not very sensitive to light, and you need to grow a few seeds between the bulbs.
When the temperature is too high in summer and shade is too strong, shading should be done to avoid the damage caused by high temperature and strong light to plant growth. Shading directly affects the temperature, humidity, and lighting conditions in the greenhouse. In the months when the light intensity is high, the temperature in the greenhouse may rise rapidly. In this case, proper shading is necessary. Especially in the first three weeks after the bulb is in the ground, more light needs to be removed. However, care should be taken to prevent overshadowing, as excessive shading will result in insufficient light.
Shading can use shading nets, and foreign countries also use the method of brushing white ash on the film, but it is not commonly used in China.
Carbon dioxide gas
The carbon dioxide content in the air is generally about 300ppm. If the carbon dioxide concentration in the greenhouse can be increased to about 1000ppm, the growth of the lily can be significantly promoted, the plants become stronger, greener, and the probability of falling buds is smaller.
Appropriate temperature for the growth of different lilies in the attached table
Ball strain rooting temperature growth suitable temperature
Plants can grow
Temperature range
Note
Oriental lily1
2°C～13°C
16°C～18°C15°C～25°C lower than 15°C, may lead to bud and leaf yellowingAsian lily
12 °C ~ 13 °C 15 °C ~ 17 °C 8 °C ~ 25 °C To prevent the air is too humidMusk Lily
12°C～13°C14°C～16°C14°C～22°Clower than 14°C,it may cause petal colorlessness and fissureRice is a
finished product made after the process of rice cleaning, glutinous
rice, rice milling, and finished product finishing. The
embryo and aleurone layer of rice contain nearly 64% of rice nutrients
and more than 90% of the nutrients required by the human body. It is the
main food of the people of the South.
The carbohydrate in rice is mainly starch, and the edible rice has higher nutritional value.
Storage taboo
Rice
should not be stored at the same time as foods with high moisture such
as fish, meat, vegetables, etc., otherwise it will easily cause water to
cause mildew; rice should not be stored directly on the ground, and
should be placed on a dry, ventilated and clean pad; indoors should be
stored with high moisture content. Otherwise, it
is easy to absorb water and cause mildew; the family avoids rice stored
in the kitchen because the kitchen has high temperature and high
humidity, which has a great influence on the quality of rice.
Rice
Long Grain Rice,Basmati Rice,Glutinous Fragrant Rice,Long Grain Basmati Rice
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