On May 5, 1997, the Neurosurgical Ward of the Naval Hospital implemented the first robotic surgery in China. The first medical robot was successfully developed by the Naval General Hospital and the Robotics Research Institute of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics. Under the joint instruction of computer experts, stereotactic treatment of stereotactic craniopharyngioma is completed for the first time, thus opening a new page in the application of medical surgical robots in China.
The Navy General Hospital took the lead in the development of stereotactic surgery in the brain in China. The specific operation has been carried out by doctors. The reason why the robot replaces the manual operation of the doctor is that the doctor at the hospital's extra-center doctor thinks that it is based on four considerations: one is that the robot is positioned more accurately and reduces human error; the other is that it can replace the medical staff to perform damaging operations, such as injecting radioisotopes. Third, the robot has a short positioning time, precise positioning, and small trauma; the fourth is that the robot can pre-simulate the operation and select the optimal approach.
The results of robot-assisted surgery are also ideal. The child relapsed after three years of general anesthesia for craniopharyngioma, and the tumor reached 3 × 3 × 2.5 cm. The surgery took only 45 minutes. The patient walked out of the operating room, and the headache and high intracranial pressure were relieved at the same time, and the vision returned to normal. The milk was eaten two hours later without any complications.
Traditional surgery is the use of medical instruments to remove and suture the patient's body lesions. Use a knife, scissors, needle and other instruments to operate in the human body to remove diseased tissue, repair damage, transplant organs, improve function and morphology. In some operations, patients need to suffer enormous pains, such as wounds up to a dozen centimeters and muscles are cut off. Large incision means high injury, high bleeding, and high risk of infection. Reducing patient suffering, improving surgical accuracy, and reducing surgical risk are the most important goals for surgical robots.
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History of important surgical robot birth time
The first robotic surgery in history, Puma 560
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The development of surgical robots abroad is very early, and the application of the first surgical robot can be traced back to 1985. Doctors at the Los Angeles Hospital in the United States completed a neurosurgical brain biopsy with robot-assisted positioning using the Puma 560. But in fact, the Puma 560 is not a dedicated surgical robot, it is actually an articulated arm industrial robot. This is the first time that robotic technology has been used in medical surgery. It is an epoch-making beginning. However, the company that produced the robot at that time prohibited the use of the robot for surgery for safety reasons.
The first real medical robot - ROBODOC
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The medical robots dedicated to surgery were born in the early 1990s, and ROBODOC is one of them. In 1986, the Thomas J. Watson Research Center of IBM in the United States and the University of California jointly developed and established Integrated Surgical Systems in 1992 to launch the first surgical robot approved by the FDA, ROBODOC. The robot performs total hip replacement, hip replacement and repair, and knee replacement. During hip replacement, it adjusts the femur to 96% accuracy, while the doctor's manual accuracy is only 75%.
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