Air harm ammonia easily enters from stomata and water holes in the leaves of vegetables and causes alkaline harm in the plants. The leaves of the victim crops were initially immersed in water and gradually turned to light brown. The young shoots or growing points were atrophic and black. When the leaves were severe, they were scorched and the whole plant died of physiological water loss. There are four causes of harm. First, the use of inadequate decomposition of manure; the second is fermented cake fertilizer or chicken manure in the greenhouse; Third, fertilization when spreading fertilizer on the ground; Fourth, uneven fertilization, such as a sudden encounter high temperature weather, easy to concentrate induced ammonia damage.
Fertilizer harm to the soil single application of a chemical fertilizer or excessive application of chemical fertilizers, commercial organic fertilizer, resulting in excessive concentration of soil solution, resulting in reverse osmosis, leading to the inhibition of vegetable root development, plant wilting or leaf margin charred, there is a lack of disease.
One of the phytotoxicity is dominant phytotoxicity, and the symptoms are obvious; the second is hidden phytotoxicity, and the symptoms lurk or extend to the lower jaw. After the injury occurs, the leaves of the vegetables lose their green or produce spotted spots, perforation, falling leaves, falling flowers, falling fruit, or even the whole plant withering. There are four causes of harm. One is that the pesticide species is not in the right direction or misuse of herbicides; the second is the excessive application of pesticides; the third is the purchase of inferior pesticides; the fourth is the use of pesticides in high temperature seasons.
Drought and drought are not only affecting the sowing of vegetables and seedlings, but also affect the growth and development of vegetables, and bring difficulties to fertilization. There are three causes of harm. First, improper site selection and lack of water sources; Second, poor water quality; Third, ditches, irrigation and drainage facilities are not matched, and water is difficult to draw.
Harmful damage means that the same or similar vegetables are planted in the same shed in the annual or seasonal season, and the yield and quality of the crop are decreasing year by year. There are three causes of harm. First, the same or similar vegetables prefer a certain kind of nutrient elements, and such elements are not timely supplemented; Second, the accumulation of soil pathogens causes disease; Third, root exudates cause imbalance of soil microbial community structure and soil aging.
There are four countermeasures
Before selecting the site for the site and improving the location of the supporting greenhouse for water systems, full consideration should be given to whether there are sufficient and excellent sources of water. To open a ditch, easy to divert water, drainage. Wherever conditions permit, one faucet can be installed in each greenhouse, and sprinkler facilities can be used in high standards.
Reasonable fertilization and promotion of healthy vegetables First, it is necessary to use adequately cooked farmhouses to accumulate organic fertilizers throughout the year; second, to use refined high-energy commodity organic fertilizers, bio-organic fertilizers, and bio-organic compound fertilizers; and third, to apply nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers to reduce nitrogen. , Stabilize the phosphorus, increase potassium, and apply micronutrients; Fourth, fertilize in appropriate amounts; and, in the event of fertilizer damage, spray 0.01% of bran (brassica lactone) or red clover (microbial microbe) 800 Doubling 2 or 3 times.
Scientific use of drugs to ensure the safety of vegetables First, when a minor injury occurs, fertilizer and water management can be strengthened to restore the normal growth of vegetables; Second, the use of pesticides, especially herbicides, should be used with caution; third, the dosage and concentration of good pesticides should be closed. Avoid the repeated application of a pesticide; the fourth is to avoid random mixing pesticides; 5 is to avoid high temperature application; 6 is the application of herbicides before cleaning equipment can be reused.
Rotation for crop rotation, adjusting the cultivation environment First, eggplant, tomatoes, melons and other susceptible vegetables, to change planting varieties in different seasons or seasons; Second, prone to continuous cropping obstacles in greenhouses to increase organic fertilizer to improve soil; The use of soil retting agents to inhibit bacteria; Fourth, the lack of soil, timely supplement of the lack of nutrients.
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