One-third of overweight children in Shanghai is more likely to cause obesity in children
Eat one month more than 4% of breast milk risk
Evening News reporter Xiao Bo reported
May 11 is the World Day for the Prevention of Obesity. At present, China has over 200 million people with overweight and over 90 million obese people. In the recently held “Child-Rearing Gas Station--2013 Preschool Children's Education, Psychology and Medical Expert Consultation Charity Activitiesâ€, Jiang Fan, an assistant professor of child care at the Shanghai Children's Medical Center, revealed that overweight and obese children in Shanghai accounted for 1/3, and children’s obesity was Adult obesity lays hidden dangers. Because the energy and protein content of formula milk is generally 15%-30% higher than that of breast milk, artificial feeding is more fat than breastfeeding. Overweight children are prone to many diseases after becoming adult.
Normal weight baby can see ribs
At the lecture consultation site, Dr. Jiang Fan showed three pictures of three-year-old children so that parents could judge whether the child was obese, overweight, normal weight, or malnourished. Almost all parents have reduced the size of their children's figure by one level. Obese children are regarded as overweight children. Overweight children are normal in the eyes of parents. Visible children with normal ribs are considered to be “malnutrition†in the eyes of parents and grandparents.
And when one by one is full of meat, and the limbs and body flesh appear like Michelin tires and dolls on the big screen, many parents cheerfully say "cute."
Dr. Jiang Fan said: "In our traditional concept, parents like children to be a little bit fat and seem to be a little healthy. There are even many people who think that 'Micino baby' is the most adorable. In fact, normal weight children see the ribs very Normal, and the 'Michelin baby' has been buried in adulthood because of obesity."
Breastfeeding babies have a relatively low obesity rate
The rate of obesity in breastfed infants is significantly lower than in non-breastfeeding infants. Dr. Jiang Fan said that the study found that breastfeeding is closely related to low BMI levels in adulthood and high levels of high-density lipoproteins. Breastfeeding during infancy reduces the probability of adolescent adult obesity by 15% to 30%. Months of breastfeeding can reduce the risk of overweight by 4%. Exclusive breastfeeding for more than 3 months can reduce the risk of 30% of type 1 diabetes in infants and reduce the risk of 40% of type 2 diabetes. Babies can develop good habits of self-regulating food intake through breastfeeding.
Apart from active substances in breast milk that formula milk powder can never do, the energy and protein content of formula milk powder is generally 15%-30% higher than that of breast milk. Excessive energy intake causes a high risk of obesity in infants and young children.
Professor Jiang Fan led a survey of kindergartens in nine provinces and cities across the country and found that the incidence of overweight and obesity among children in Shanghai was as high as 1/3. The incidence of obesity among young children in Shanghai was close to that of developed countries. In fact, childhood obesity is one of the world’s most serious public health challenges in the 21st century. In 2011, more than 40 million children under the age of 5 were overweight. More than 30 million overweight children live in developing countries and 10 million live in developed countries.
Obesity in childhood is susceptible to many diseases
Biologists have found that in many species, rapid growth in the early stages is at the expense of long-term health and longevity. Dr. Jiang Fan said that rapid growth and overfeeding during infants and young children can easily lead to obesity and cardiovascular problems in adulthood. Moreover, even if it is not obese after adulthood, the cardiovascular system will be affected. The elasticity of the arterial wall of the fat doll showed a downward trend, and at the same time, the arterial wall showed a thickening tendency. Atherosclerotic disease has long been considered as a geriatric disease, but in fact, the early origins of cardiovascular disease are related to childhood. It is now clear that atherosclerosis and obesity are diseases of childhood origin.
The most notable health consequences of childhood overweight and obesity are often apparent in adulthood, in addition to heart disease and stroke due to cardiovascular disease, including diabetes, musculoskeletal disorders (especially osteoarthritis). ), certain types of cancer (endometrial cancer, breast cancer, and colon cancer). In addition, childhood obesity can also lead to premature death and disability in adulthood. However, in addition to rising risk in the future, obese children also experience difficulty in breathing, increased risk of fractures, hypertension, early signs of cardiovascular disease, insulin resistance, and psychological effects.
In recent years, one of the hot topics discussed in the pediatrics and academia has been “Whether the health of breast-fed infants should be measured using criteria that are based on growth data derived mainly from artificial or mixed-fed infantsâ€.
This trend has also caused academic worries recently. Because the “child growth standard†currently used is strictly based on the "child growth reference value" obtained from a large-scale population survey once every ten years. It is fed in mixed infants or pure powdered milk in the investigated infant population. The proportion of these infants is very high. Therefore, these infants and young children are themselves growing up too quickly. Is it appropriate to measure breast-fed children with these overweight, high and childish standards? If we continue to develop with this trend, the standards for early growth will continue to grow rapidly and approach early. Will we feed a generation that is even older than a generation?
Expert advice
Breastfeeding is the best in the first year of birth
Dr. Jiang Fan said that from the infancy, breastfeeding is a good way to prevent obesity, because compared with artificial feeding, breastfeeding does not allow the child's early growth is not too fast. A study comparing the weight gain curves of breastfed and formula-fed infants found that breastfed infants of the same age had significantly lower weight gain than formula-fed infants.
We now use the national “nine provinces and municipalities standards†that are surveyed once every ten years, and the local “standards†in Shanghai, but these are actually only reference values ​​for the population. If a generation is fatter than a generation, then the reference value will be higher year after year, and using a high reference value to measure the new baby will cause many parents or mothers to always worry that breast-fed babies will gain weight slowly, even Therefore, changing from breast-feeding to artificial milk-fed feeding is clearly detrimental to the healthy growth of children.
In 2006, WHO established new growth standards for children within 24 months. This is the data obtained after 18,973 observations of 882 children less than 24 months old in the world. Finally, the baby with the “optimal growth standard†is still 100% exclusive breastfeeding for 4 months and 12 months. When breastfeeding is still done, supplemental foods are added to the average child of 5.4 months.
“I would like to ask the doctor, should we judge whether children are healthy based on the standards of nine provinces or Shanghai children? Or should they be more WHO standards?†asked some parents.
Dr. Jiang Fan said that if the growth curve is used to dynamically monitor children's growth, domestic and WHO standards can be used, because the main trend is to observe the dynamic growth of children. If it is to understand what level of children are among local children, it should be considered using the standards of nine provinces or Shanghai. However, if you are purely aware of whether your child is in an optimal state of growth, it is recommended that children aged 0-2 refer to WHO standards, especially breastfeeding infants and young children.
Jiang Fan suggested that parents can obtain it from the community doctors, or download the child growth curve on the official WHO website. The results of each child's physical examination on the growth curve, dynamic understanding of his child's curve, so that you can determine the child's growth is healthy based on the curve changes.
Feeding your baby should never be compared
The two-year-old's figure was completely inconsistent with his minor name. He looked at the grandson who didn’t meet the “chimpanzee,†and Ms. Dodge didn’t mention how anxious she was. Each meal was stared firmly and it was hopeful. Stuck in a few meals. Toot mother sometimes can not stand, advise her mother not too hard. The granny was very dissatisfied: "Look, next door is Haohao Hao. It's much better. It's more real."
Jiang Fan said that the appetite of children depends largely on heredity. Of course, many of them are related to parents' improper feeding habits. “Some studies have shown that currently 60% of parents think that their children are picky eaters, but further evaluation found that only 25-30% meet the picky standards, but only because of appetite leads to growth retardation is only 1-2%. â€
Feeding strategy
Mom decides what to eat and baby decides when to eat
Just as adults are tall, fat, and thin, their appetites and body types are also different. However, good eating habits are crucial to the current and future health of each child. Dr. Jiang Fan summarized the 10 feeding strategies for parents. Many parents found out after they tried that they were very effective.
1. Give your child the opportunity to experience hunger and feel full. If children do not eat well, parents should not allow children to eat snacks or snacks between meals because children do not eat enough food at the time of the meal, and keep eating so that children can not experience hunger, and thus can not obtain appetite. Therefore, it is very important to limit the consumption of food between two meals, and not to eat drinks or snacks within one hour before eating.
2. Do not exceed 25 minutes for each meal and between 3.5 hours and 4 hours between meals. The mother decides what to eat and the baby decides when to eat it. The balance of nutrition must be ensured, but each baby's hunger may be different, so it can be appropriately changed.
3, if the child is not delicious in the dinner, parents do not angry, calmly pointed to the clock and told the child: "Baby, look at the pointer pointing here, there is no food to eat slightly, to have something to eat lunch / dinner oh. "Hungry for two meals will not go hungry but there are also children who may not eat adult food until the next meal. At this time, you can take out the leftover meal of the last meal and tell him that there is no snack." Only a good meal can eat snacks. Some adults do not eat too much at the children's dinner. When they are hungry between meals, they are eager to give their children chocolate cakes. Instead, they tend to develop bad habits in which children do not eat snacks for dinner. This habit will lead fat children to become fatter, and thin children will not eat.
4. Children do not like to eat foods. Parents must be patient to cook repeatedly using various methods. Sometimes it takes as many as 15 repeated exposures. A survey found that among mothers in various countries, German mothers are most patient in repeatedly exposing food, with an average of six times, and mothers in most countries are generally only willing to expose two or three times.
5. Adults do not have to pick up their food. They have to set a good example and eat every kind of food. In particular, fruits and vegetables that many children do not like very much can help children's gastrointestinal motility, absorb vitamins, and resist obesity.
6. Take children to supermarkets and food courts to allow children to participate in the process of purchasing foods; encourage children to play food games. For example, children can learn to eat by themselves and feed their parents to eat. Don't care about the children messing up the table. Allow children to participate in meal preparation, such as helping to hold rice, help with chopsticks and spoons.
7. Don't treat sweets as a reward for your child. This will make them mistakenly think that dessert is a good thing. Do not buy foods that you do not want your children to eat. For example, if you know that puffed foods are unhealthy, do not buy them.
8, each meal timing, punctuality. To create a calm and pleasant dining atmosphere, do not train children at the table, otherwise it will leave a psychological shadow. Do not force the child to eat, and allow the child to stop eating when it is full.
9, provide opportunities for children to learn to eat good children, but do not all day to the "next-door children's children in the mouth."
10, less distraction to eat, do not "whole family mobilization" take turns feeding, do not eat while watching TV, let alone children leave the table running around to eat.
Ppe Nitrile Gloves,Aql4.0 Industrial Gloves,Ppe Non-Medical Equipment,Disposable Powder Free Nitrile Gloves
Puyang Linshi Medical Supplies Co., Ltd. , https://www.linshihealths.com